Time Charts From 1775 to Present Day

Key

Tennal School and the Reformatory and Industrial School Movement (A)

The Development of Elementary Education (B)

Industrial and Social Changes (C)

Political and General Events (D)

1775

1776   American War of Independence (D)

1779   Crompton invented the "Mule" (C)

1780   Robert Raikes started Sunday Schools (B)

1781   John Pounds became a cripple and subsequently founded the Ragged School Movement (A)

1783   Peace with America (D)

1785   Society formed to spread Sunday Schools (B)

1785   The Power-Loom is invented (C)

1789   French Revolution begins (D)      

1793   Beginning of War with France (D) 

1798   Lancaster's School opened (B)

1800

1800   Growth of the Ragged School Movement (A)

1802   Health and Morals of Apprentices Act. (Apprentices not to work more than 12 hours a day and not to work at night.) (C)

1807   British Dominions abolish the Slave Trade (D)

1808   Bell's National Plan (B)

1810   Barrington School established to train Monitors (B)

1811   Formation of National Society (B)

1814   British and Foriegn Society formed (B)

1815   Waterloo (D)

1819   Peterloo. The Six Acts. (D)

1820   Accession of George IV (D)

1824   Infant School Society established (B)

1825

1825   Stockton to Darlington Railway (C)

1828   London Police Force started (D)

1830   Accession of William IV (D)

1832   First Reform Act. (Votes for Property Owners) (D)

1833   Factory Act. (Children under 9 years could not be employed and those under 13 only for 8 hours a day) (C)

1833   Abolition of Slavery in the British Empire (D)

1833   First Grant for Elementary Education - £20,000 (B)

1837   Accession of Queen Victoria (D)

1839   Committee of Privvy Council to promote Education of the People (B)

1839   Penny Post introduced (D)

1842   Mines Act (Abolished Female Labour below the surface) (C)

1844   Twelve-Hour Day for Women (C)

1846   Pupil-Teacher system inaugurated (B)

1846   Birmingham's First Ragged School founded at Lichfield Street (A)

1846   Corn Laws Repealed (D)

1847   Ten-Hour Day for Young Persons (C)

1849   The Free Industrial School opened in Gem Street, Birmingham (A)

1850

1850   Mines Regulation Act (C)

1851 & 1853   Conferences on Reformatory Schools in Birmingham (A)

1854   First Youthful Offenders Act (A)

1854-56   Crimean War (D)

1857   Industrial Schools Act (A)

1857   Indian Mutiny (D)

1861   Revised Code. Payment by Results (4/- for attendance and 8/- for examination) (B)

1866   Reformatory Schools Act (A)

1866   Industrial Schools Act (A)

1867   The Birmingham League (B)

1867   Reform Act (Votes for Male Town Workers) (D)

1868   Gem Street School is certified (A)

1870   Elementary Education Act. (School Boards to provide efficient Schools) (B)

1872   Ballot Act (D)

1875   Employers and Workmen Act (C)

1875

1876   School Attendance Committees to assist Boards to enforce attendance (B)

1878   Factory and Workshops Act (Children under 10 years not to be employed; 10 to 14 year olds for half a day. (C)

1880   Mundella's Act (Dunce's Certificate restricted to 13 year olds) (B)

1880   First Boer War (D)

1884 & 1896   Departmental Committess criticise industrial training in Certified Schools (A)

1884   Reform Act (Votes for all Men over 21 years old) (D)

1888 Local Government Act (County Councils established) (D)

1891   Free Elementary Education (B)

1891   Factory and Workshops Act (Employment of children under 12 years of age forbidden) (C)

1893   Amendment Act (A)

1897   Workmen's Compensation Act (C)

1899   Reformatory Act (A)

1899   No exemption from school for children under 12 (except in country districts) (B)

1899   Board of Education established (B)

1900

1901   Accession of Edward VII (D)

1902   Education Act. School Boards replaced by Local Authorities (B)

1902   End of Second Boer War (D)  

1903   Harborne Industrial School opened (A)

1906   Education (Provision of Meals) Act (B)

1907   Probation of Offenders Act (A)

1907   Local Authorities to provide Medical Inspection of school children (B)

1908   The Children Act (A)

1908   Old Age Pensions (5/- a week) (C)

1909   Employment Exchanges established (B)

1910   The Accession of George V (D)

1911   Insurance Act (Four penny contributions) (C)

1914-1918   The Great War (D)

1918   Education Act. (Free Education for all compulsory until the term following 14th birthday) (B)

1918   Fourth Reform Act (Votes for Women over the age of 30) (D)

1919   Departmental Committee recommends new financial arrangements (A)

1919   Housing Act (C)

1923   Model Rules issued by Home Office (A)

1924   The Children's Branch (A)

1925   Harborne Industrial School re-christened Ansell School (A)

1925

1925   Burnham Scales accepted (B)

1925   Widow's, Orphans, and Old Age Pension Act (C)

1926   Hadow Report (B)

1926   General Strike (D)

1927   Departmental Committee's Report (A)

1927   Handbook of Suggestions revised (B)

1928   Universal Suffrage (D)

1933   Children and Young Person's Act (A)

1933   Ansell School becomes a Junior Approved School (A)

1935   Unemployment Act (C)

1936   Accession of Edward VIII (D)

1936   Accession of George VI (D)

1938   "Ansell" is re-named "Tennal" School (A)

1939   Second World War begins (D)

1941   Atlantic Charter (D)

1944   Education Act (B)

1945   Reynolds Report (A)

1945   End of World War II (D)

1946   Tennal Modern Secondary School (A)

1948   National Health and Insurance Act (C)